Cite online contents from these types in notes and include them in the bibliography only when they are critical to your argument or frequently cited.

Include a date when the page is written, revised, or updated. If no date is available, include an access date.

Notes

##. Author’s First Name Last Name (or Group Name), “Title of Article: Subtitle,” Date, URL.

Bibliography (if necessary)

Last Name, First Name. “Title of Article: Subtitle.” Title of Journal, Date. URL.

Examples

1. League of American Orchestras, “How New Media Got New Audiences at Seattle Opera, With Wallace Support,” accessed August 13, 2022, https://americanorchestras.org/how-new-media-got-new-audiences-at-seattle-opera-with-wallace-support/.

2. Unites States Copyright Office, “How Songwriters, Composers, and Performers Get Paid,” revised July 2022, https://www.copyright.gov/music-modernization/educational-materials/musicians-income.pdf.
 

Enter (blog) at the end of the title to indicate it’s a blog post.

Notes

##. Author’s First Name Last Name, “Title of Blog Article: Subtitle,” Title of Blog (blog), Posted date, URL.

Bibliography (if necessary)

Last Name, First Name. “Title of Blog Article: Subtitle.” Title of Blog (blog), Posted date. URL.

Example

3. Zachary Wallmark, “Stravinsky and Heavy Metal,” The Taruskin Challenge (blog), February 2, 2022, https://taruskinchallenge.com/2011/02/02/stravinsky-and-heavy-metal/

For the title, quote up to the first 160 characters, capitalized as in the original.

Notes

##. Author’s First Name Last Name (or Group Name), “Title of Posted Article,” Name of the platform, Posted Date, URL.

Bibliography (if necessary)

Last Name, First Name. “Title of Posted Article.” Name of the platform, Posted Date. URL.
Example

4. League of American Orchestras, “We need to hurry. Not rush, but hurry to make sure that regardless of what happens,” Facebook, July 26, 2022, https://www.facebook.com/orchleague/photos/a.69383107066/10161850019017067/